Tuesday, December 31, 2019

Gang Leader for a Day Essay - 2292 Words

Innovate Your Life In the book, Gang Leader for a Day by Sudhir Venkatesh, a sociology student from the University of Chicago starts out simply trying to understand â€Å"how it feels to be poor and black,† and ends up spending years and years figuring out the ins and outs of a gang society (Venkatesh 14). Sudhir receives the chance of a sociologist’s lifetime to see first-hand what life is like in the projects. He follows gang leader, J.T. around and studies his life at the Robert Taylor homes for years. Throughout Venkatesh’s experience he witnesses many things some people go a lifetime without seeing. For example, he was no stranger to seeing people use drugs or get beat up by gang members. One interesting aspect of Venkatesh’s experiment†¦show more content†¦He makes his money in various ways. Besides selling drugs through his gang, he also runs three buildings. He would allow people who were known as squatters to stay in the building when it was cold out. They were allowed to hang out in the stairwells and the gang provided them protection for a little bit of money. The gang was always finding ways like this to collect money. They would allow prostitutes to come and live there and some of them would do business there but they also had a fee to pay. Anyone who J.T. allowed to stay in his buildings without a lease would get taxed on their earnings for whatever type of business they were doing. But in return the Black Kings would provide them with protection. Venkatesh learned a lot about the gang’s hierarchy and J.T.’s â€Å"business plans.† Early in their relationship, J.T. explained the structure to making money in the drug game to Sudhir while he planned his move to running the Robert Taylor homes. He calls the Robert Taylor homes â€Å"easy money† because of how convenient the location was for white people to drive over. He also says he would go from making thirty thousand dollars a year to seventy-five thousand dollars or maybe even a hundred thousand a year (towards the end of the book J.T. is making somewhere around two hundred thousand dollars a year). This is where J.T. begins to explain the ladder of moving up in the gang and how he wants to move up. Throughout the book VenkateshShow MoreRelatedGang Leader For A Day957 Words   |  4 Pagescompared to only 5.4% of unemployed white people (Street,2007). These statistics represent racial inequality which caused a lot of internal, and external damage to the black population. Rogue Sociologist, Sudhir Venkatesh’s (2008) novel called Gang Leader for a Day, reveals this disparity. In 1989 Sudhir participated in qualitative research, by studying the lives of people from the projects of Chicago. The projects are a subsidized housing development, provided by the government which requires low rentRead MoreGang Leader for a Day Essay2388 Words   |  10 PagesGang Leader For A Day SECTION 1 1.) How would you respond if a graduate student from an elite university turned up at your door and announced his intention to study you? If a graduate student from an elite university showed up at my door with intentions to study me, I think that I would allow him access. I would like the chance to hear what they had to say about my lifestyle. I’ve always questioned the way I live and if other peoples lives’ are similar. I don’t think that I live an oddRead MoreGang Leader for a Day by Sudhir Venkatesh1376 Words   |  6 Pagesunfamiliar with the black culture within Chicago. In his book Gang Leader for a Day, he tells of his sociology research within one of the roughest housing projects in Chicago. Sudhir starts his research by talking to a few elderly gentlemen he played chess with at the park. His conversation with them led him to the Robert Taylor Housing Projects which was described as one of the worst Ghettos in America. His research began the first day he arrived with his clipboard of questionnaires ready to askRead MoreGang Leader for a Day: Book Review1413 Words   |  6 Pagesà ¯ » ¿ Gang Leader for a Day Book Review It takes a lot of guts and no small amount of courage and cunning to infiltrate a street gang in the tough neighborhoods of Chicago, but that is what Sudhir Venkatesh did as a 23-year-old graduate student at the University of Chicago. In order to find out first-hand how a gang that earns its money selling crack cocaine functions from the inside, Venkatesh dared to get involved on a superficial basis with the gang. But Venkatesh wasnt seen as person who wasRead MoreGang Leader For A Day : A Rogue Sociologist1589 Words   |  7 Pages Having read the book Gang Leader for a Day: a rogue sociologist takes to the streets by Venkatesh (2008), based on my childhood education (formal and informal), life circumstances, personal and professional life experiences, I perceive JT to be a lawbreaker. Moreover, based on how our society informally defines a criminal or lawbreaker, JT is clearly someone who does not or will not conform with our collective legal standards or requirements based o n the majority opinion of the wider publicRead MoreGang Leader For A Day Chapter Summary2784 Words   |  12 PagesAP English Language Ms. Donohue Gang Leader for a Day Chapter Summary CH. 1- Characters 1 s Name: Sudhir Venkatesh. Sudhir is Indian, he was born lived in California. He walks into the projects and stays overnight with a gang even though he knows he doesn t fit in.ï » ¿ Sudhir respects J.T. s rules and isn t intrusive with the gang. Sudhir is a university student wanting his degree in Sociology. Sudhir is also intelligent because he goes undercover into a gang for his project that will gain himRead MoreEssay about Gang Leader for a Day1786 Words   |  8 PagesIn the book, Gang Leader for a Day, a rogue sociologist passionately dives into the lives of one of Chicago’s toughest housing projects in an attempt to develop an insight as to how the urban impoverished lived. Throughout the text it becomes clear that a conflict paradigm is being reflected. A conflict society is based on social inequality, in which some individuals benefit and thrive more than others, which tends to lead to conflict and thus change. This is evident both in the housing projectsRead MoreThe Gang That The Author, Sudhir Venkantesh1148 Words   |  5 Pages I would describe the gang that the author, Sudhir Venkantesh, studies in this book as a deviant group because they are not following usual or accepted standards in social behavior. â€Å"Deviance is a behavior, trait or belief that departs from a norm and generates a negative reaction in a particular group†. (Real World, Kerry Ferris, Jill Stein, p 153) According to this definition we can definitely see gangs departing from a norm by committing many crimes and not obeying the laws. One example to deviantRead MoreSocial Control And Its Impact On America s Public Housing Essay1658 Words   |  7 PagesChicago’s public housing soon found themselves in dilapidated, drug-infested, crime-filled, isolated centers of despair. During a time in which most American citizens could easily turn their eyes from the struggles of the poor, Sudhir Venkatesh’s Gang Leader for a Day took readers into the depths of the world in which the poor resided. Through Venkatesh’s wor k, readers are inadvertently introduced to broader sociological concepts such as, collective efficacy within communities, the concentration effect,Read MoreEssay about Street Gangs in the United States1399 Words   |  6 PagesStreet gangs in this country can probably be traced back to the first wave of Europeans who migrated to the colonies for a better life for themselves and their families. Many of the first gangs were formed as a means of self protection, with the thinking that there is simply strength in numbers. The missions of gangs in today’s society have grown and emerged to include many violent criminal avenues, including drug trafficking, prostitution, money laundering, and extortion but the original thinking

Sunday, December 22, 2019

Not Just Your Kids Problem Adult ADHD Essay - 812 Words

Not Just Your Kids Problem: Adult ADHD Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Everyone has heard of it. A few years ago every newspaper and weekly magazine had a feature about the disorder. The disorder was mostly associated with school-aged children because that was the time when most of the symptoms surfaced. Today ADHD is the most common behavior disorder diagnosed in children and teens. ADHD refers to a group of symptoms that begin in early childhood and can continue into adulthood, causing difficulties at home, at school, at work, and within the community if not recognized and treated (1). But what most people never hear was that ADHD also affects adults and if left untreated can have serious effects. ADHD is a†¦show more content†¦There are a couple of reasons why it is more difficult to diagnose an adult with ADHD than it is to identify a child with the same problem. One of the problems is that there is no real test for ADHD. Instead there are a series of evaluations that must be done that rule out other problems (2). The American Psychiatric Association describes the symptoms and criteria for diagnosing mental disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Information used to diagnose the condition includes: an interview with the person, medical history, to include asking about the social, emotional, educational, and behavioral history of the person, physical exam, behavior rating scales or checklists for ADHD to evaluate the persons symptoms. In the past these questions were geared towards children. Now researchers have realized that as a child with ADHD matures, the symptoms evolve so that they may be harder to detect. Adults with ADHD usually develop coping mechanisms that make up for their problems. Specific tools have been developed to aid in the diagnosis in adults. An example, physical hyperactivity may evolve into excessive talking or foot tapping. Impulsivity can be expressed as having a very short temper, quitting jobs or ending personal relationships suddenly and being prone to emotional outbursts. Inattention leads to poor time management, difficulty finishingShow MoreRelatedTeenage Depression - Teen Suicide1399 Words   |  6 PagesMental Health stated,† in the last 25 years, the rate of suicide among teenagers and young adults has increased dramatically.† The awareness of teenage depression has increased and the public are taking steps to reduce it, however schools and parents can do more to prev ent it such as a day of awareness or even so much as considering the possibility that a teen is depressed. Teenage depression doesn’t just affect one’s personal life but academic as well. â€Å"It can affect relationships with close friendsRead MoreNature Vs Nurture : Nature Versus Nurture1360 Words   |  6 Pagesnegatively in class. Many individuals are quick to jump to the conclusion that â€Å"Oh, that kid’s parents don’t care, or just don’t know how to raise their child.† That could very well be a possibility, but most people never think that maybe they have a hereditary problem, such as ADHD, that was passed on to the child. This cannot be helped by the child, it is out of their control, but can be just as easily overcame than to just using their disorder or disability as a crutch. It is a very controversial topicRead More Students That Suffer With ADD Should NOT Be Placed In Specialized Classes1677 Words   |  7 PagesShould Students that Suffer with ADD Be Placed in Specialized Classes? Many adults and caregivers do not know what Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) is and therefore do not know how to properly care for those children. They believe that because their children have ADD, they will not be able to learn or succeed in a normal class with other normal students. The truth is that only 1 out of every 35 students with ADD need additional help outside of the classroom because they are not sufficiently learningRead MoreSocial Media And Its Impact On Society1459 Words   |  6 Pagessuffering as a result of this digital revolution. Students that are actively involved in social media have consistently lower grades than their counterparts that do not use it as much. Also, social networking contributes to the rise in the cases of ADHD and ADD in younger kids which hinder their performance in the classroom, and with all the freedom social media gives, it is quite easy to forget that whatever we put out there, everyone and anyone can get access to. Social media is a gre at tool forRead MoreDown’S Syndrome. Down’S Syndrome Does Not Have Any Standard1339 Words   |  6 Pagestreatment. The treatments are provided depending on each individual s intellectual and physical needs. It also depends on every patient s limitations as well as strengths. Some of the organic medicines which can be used to improve the condition of your child suffering from DS are as follows: Vitamin Supplements Children with Down syndrome often suffer from a vitamin deficiency and may need various supplements to fulfill the deficiency. The use of vitamins that have the presence of Vitamin B-6 areRead MoreNegative Effects Of Technology1001 Words   |  5 Pagesoutside, riding bikes, or using their imagination, are increasingly depending on technology; and in the future, technology will have damaging effects. In an interview with Steve Jobs, Nick Bilton, a journalist of the New York Times asked Mr. Jobs, â€Å"So, your kids must love the new iPad?†. Bilton, however, received an answer he never expected. Mr. Jobs answered back saying, â€Å"They haven’t used it. We limit how much technology our kids use at home.† This answer was shocking, and Bilton talked with otherRead MoreVaccinated Pros And Cons Essay1329 Words   |  6 Pagesit comes to getting, your kids vaccinated many parents must get it due to the school’s policies. Many schools will not let the student back to school until vaccinated or will kick out a student if they do not get the vaccine. On the other hand, some parents do not believe in getting their kids vaccinated so they do what it takes to not get their kids shots. There’s two sides to this issue that people have opinions on. There is many pros and cons When it comes to getting your kid vaccinated. ThisRead MoreThe Freedom Of Play By William Shakespeare1894 Words   |  8 Pagesmysteries of the world around them. It is during childhood that people learn important skills like social interaction and the ability to adapt to different situations, yet it is viewed as inferior to learning maths and sciences when it should be considered just as or more important. The application of play is a necessary process in the development of the brain, across most mammals on our planet play is used in a variety of ways, it serves as a limited immediate function. Meaning it may not appear importantRead MoreUnderstanding Autism Syndrome Disorders Essay2776 Words   |  12 Pagesor a neurologist. Some individuals are easy to diagnose, but in milder cases of cases with other occurring symptoms it can be difficult to obtain a diagnosis. Some children are initially misdiagnosed with other disorders, such as speech delay or ADHD. A clinician should be basing their diagnosis on both a personal interaction with the child and a discu ssion with the parents or their behavior in other settings. Children with autism are most likely to develop a developmental disorder with different

Saturday, December 14, 2019

The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay Free Essays

string(50) " a clip so the pupil will non experience abashed\." Joe is a 13 old ages old pupil. During the Primary school, his behavioral and learning troubles and his academic advancement were the instructor and parents chief concern. He was unable to concentrate and finish his work and was holding jobs to maintain up with the course of study. We will write a custom essay sample on The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Education Psychologist assessed him with terrible dyslexia when he was 8 old ages old. It was noted that although attending troubles were impacting significantly his literacy undertakings, his literacy troubles were more declarative of deficient exposure to reading and spelling regulations. Furthermore, it was reported that Joe has terrible dyslexia, which was impeding his advancement at school. At the Child Guidance Clinic he was besides assessed with oppositional noncompliant upset. Joe manifests low ego regard and assurance in the manner he behaves. He often mentions that he is non good for anything and when person praises him, he does non believe it. He has troubles in authorship and reading, even though he has an astonishing spoken vocabulary and fertile imaginativeness. Joe receives the support of a shared acquisition support helper which has to back up three other pupils. Introduction â€Å" For a dyslexic who does non yet know they are dyslexic, life is a large high wall you ne’er think you will be able to mount or acquire over. The minute you understand there is something called dyslexia, and there are ways of acquiring around the job, the whole universe opens up † ( Successful Peoples with Dyslexia – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . The universe we live in today is full of print so it is really easy to understand why both spoken and written linguistic communication is so of import and necessary in human communicating. Besides at school we are still depending excessively much on literacy. One can easy understand the concern of both parents and pedagogues when they notice the first marks of specific larning jobs such as dyslexia, when a pupil despite of equal intelligence and educational chances is still non doing the coveted advancement in countries of larning which involve literacy but at the same clip he is making highly good in topics which do non affect reading and authorship. â€Å" All right, † I told myself, â€Å" you may non be the brightest male child in the school, but you know every bit much about autos as any of your friends. You may hold to work a spot harder, do things in a somewhat different manner. You may hold to pay excess attending to detail, but you can make it. † ( The Telegraph 2007 – Jackie Stewart, international race auto driver ) . Normally when we hear about the word dyslexia, we associate it with reading, composing, spelling and Maths jobs but that is merely one face of the learning disablement. Harmonizing to Ronald D. Davis, an writer who he himself has dyslexia, there is the positive side of Dyslexia. He mentions several famous persons with dyslexia and insists that these people are masterminds because they have dyslexia. Davis references eight basic abilities which harmonizing to him all dyslexics portion. These eight abilities harmonizing to Davis if non suppressed, invalidated or destroyed by defenders or instructors, will ensue in two features: higher than normal intelligence and extraordinary originative abilities. ( Davis, 1997 ) . Contemplations on observations carried out Parents should be a valued beginning of assessmentA When I was given the blessing to detect Joe, I was advised that unluckily due to familiar jobs it would non be wise to detect him in out of school environment. At the same clip I was informed that alternatively I could repair an assignment with his female parent at school. As I know that parents are an first-class resource of information, I did n’t waver to repair this meeting. â€Å" Parents are an priceless portion of the instruction squad and if they are non to the full included both the school and the student will be disadvantaged. † ( Grech Louisa A ; Philip cited on Azzopardi A. , 2010:52 ) . I learned that Joe is really originative at place, particularly in place decorating jobs. His female parent besides informed me that she herself has dyslexia and so she could sympathize with his defeat when he has to read and compose and when he experiences reluctance to go to school due to feelings of failure. She still remembers what she had to travel through back in clip, when there was less awareness about larning disablements. This shows that when a household member is sing a learning disablement all the household is affected frequently in a negative manner ( Dyson, 1996 ) . The term ‘specific larning disablement ‘ means a â€Å" upset in one or more of the basic psychological procedures involved in understanding or in utilizing linguistic communication, spoken or written, which disorder may attest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, believe, talk, read, compose, spell or make mathematical computations † ( IDEA 2004 ) ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Troubles in literature Spelling I observed that spelling is one of the activities which pose most challenges for Joe. Spelling errors could be noticed even in short words and across both linguistic communications. He was observed utilizing phonemic spelling for non phonemic words. Joe experiences troubles with disorderly spelling. As he can non trust on his ocular memory to assist him, he attempts to spell words in a manner in which although all right letters are at that place, they are written in the incorrect order. â€Å" Disorderly spellings ‘ show that the kid is sing trouble with ocular memory † ( Dyslexia Teacher ) . I ‘ve frequently observed that Joe becomes really defeated when he hands over his assignments to his instructor or LSA as when they look into his work he ever has many errors. It would assist if pedagogues adopt certain schemes when rectifying. Correction should be done discretely and off from equals. Red ink should be avoided and merely one type of error should be corrected at a clip so the pupil will non experience abashed. You read "The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Using the phoneme count game during rectification can assist Joe. In this activity, Joe listens carefully to the sounds and counts them out and besides cleavage. He so tries to compose these words either on a laminated sheet or else he uses sandpaper letters. In this manner he can run his fingers over the letters and feels them. The most of import thing is to reenforce on a regular basis the words learned. Reading Joe besides experiences reading troubles, in fact Dyslexia is a specific trouble that is known to affects reading and spelling. â€Å" Dyslexia is characterised by troubles in treating word-sounds and by failings in short term verbal memory ; its effects may be seen in spoken linguistic communication every bit good as written linguistic communication † ( Dyslexia Action, once Dyslexia institute 2007 ( as cited in Falzon class notes 2013 ) . Fortunately during my observations, he was ne’er asked to read in public but I ‘ve had the chance to listen while he was reading to the LSA. Joe reads really easy and when he tries to read faster he makes a batch of errors. I besides observed that Joe makes up the narrative utilizing illustrations or his imaginativeness. This has little or no relation whatsoever to the text which he is reading. He besides adds words which do non demo in the text. Joe can sound out parts of words but can non synthesise all the sounds into the whole word. His phonological accomplishments are non yet to the full developed and so he finds it hard to organize the sounds within words or to recognize syllables within a word. Joe experiences cleavage troubles and needs a batch of support to retrieve the order of sounds in a peculiar word. Joe should ne’er be asked to read aloud to his equals. If he is willing to make so passage for reading should be given beforehand and text and founts be adapted harmonizing to his penchants. Besides coloring material of paper may cut down reading troubles ( Irien 2005 ) ( as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg100 ) . Writing Many pupils with larning disablements who have reading troubles besides may hold problem composing ( Walker, Shippen, Alberto, Houchins, A ; Cihak, 2005 as cited in Salend, 2008, p.68 ) . While he is composing I observed that he reverses letters like â€Å" vitamin D † and â€Å" B † and â€Å" Q † and â€Å" P † . Joe takes really long to compose as he keeps spelling each and every word while he is composing. Besides he has troubles to bring forth thoughts and organize these thoughts into meaningful sentences. Besides while he writes his vocabulary is instead restricted. â€Å" An scrutiny of their authorship may uncover jobs in the countries of thought coevals, text administration, sentence construction, vocabulary use, spelling and Grammar. These composing troubles can impact their public presentation across the course of study † ( Salend, 2008 ) . For written assignments, Joe should be given excess clip and be praised for his creativeness. Besides computing machines, word-processors and spell-checks are really of import. For a pupil like Joe who has issues with his script and his spelling, ICT can be of tremendous benefit ( Pollock et Al ) . â€Å" Every kid has the right of entree to the course of study, yet we take away that right from so many pupils † ( Thomson, 2003 ) as cited on Azzopardi, 2010, pg.97 ) . The National Minimum Curriculum states that â€Å" We need to provide for the fact that all kids come to school with a different luggage and the Universal Designed acquisition ( UDL ) adheres to it. UDL is a model to extinguish barriers and do course of study accessible for all pupils by supplying: * Multiple agencies of representations of information to pupils. * Multiple agencies of look by pupils to show what they know. * Multiple agencies of battle to excite scholar ‘s involvement and motive. We as pedagogues should get down earnestly believing about differentiated acquisition experiences if we truly believe in inclusion. Troubles in Maths While I was detecting Joe during assorted Maths lessons it was really obvious that he was happening it hard to prolong attending. Joe can make arithmetic really easy but for him word jobs and algebra are a existent concern. He besides shows hapless memory for sequences, facts and information that has merely been given. Geller and Smith ( 2002 ) suggested that: jobs in the perceptual registry, every bit good as short-run memory, may negatively impact the math accomplishment of pupils with larning disablements ( as cited on Bender, 2004, pg.216 ) . During Maths, Joe shows dependance on finger numeration. Fortunately nobody of all time asked him to halt utilizing this method. I commend the Maths instructor for supplying Joe with press releases and worksheets to forestall him from copying from the whiteboard. The lone expostulation I have is that he should hold given them to everyone else in category. In this manner, Joe would non be seen as the uneven one out. I besides admire the manner in which the LSA works with Joe during this lesson. He reads the jobs for Joe and foreground the cardinal parts. At the same clip he encourages Joe to jot short notes about those cardinal parts. The LSA besides draws diagrams to assist him organize and understand better the information presented in the job as it is being presented in a ocular mode. I besides support the manner in which the LSA encourages Joe to look for words which are clearly highlighted on the press release alternatively of spelling them herself therefore cut downing learned weakness. Harmonizing to Martin Seligman â€Å" Learned weakness is the province of head created when an animate being or human being learns to act impotently, even with the agencies to get away or avoid an unpleasant state of affairs † ( Helping Psychology, 2010 ) . Troubles in Administration â€Å" You besides can promote pupils to work independently by assisting them develop their organizational accomplishments † ( Finstein, Yao Yang A ; Jones 2006 ; Mizelle, 2005 ) as cited on Salend 2008, pg.245. From what I observed, Joe needs to be taught ways and agencies of how he can be more organized. During most of the lessons Joe needed motivating to bring his text editions and files. He was non certain which 1s corresponded to the lesson which was traveling on in the category. For him all the books seemed the same. Besides he frequently came to school without his prep. I shortly realised that something had to be done in this respect. The LSA and the instructors should work hand in glove to implement administration schemes. Books, copybooks and files should be coloring material coded harmonizing to the topic. This would heighten acknowledgment. Besides as the LSA has to help more pupils he can promote peer coaction where other pupils assist Joe. Besides an hypertrophied transcript of the timetable should be glued to his desk therefore doing it easier for him to cognize what is following. Before the pupil leaves the category, the LSA should do certain that Joe has packed all the books needed for analyzing and prep. The instructor should besides make his or her portion. Home plants should be written on the board every bit early as possible during the lesson and the LSA should look into what he has written. The communicating book is another of import tool to better administration accomplishments. Troubles in Behaviour During my observations I observed that Joe has troubles to understand societal cues and to act in a socially acceptable manner in assorted scenes. He lacks interpersonal accomplishments and this impairs negatively on his ability to organize meaningful friendly relationships. Unfortunately he is regarded by some of his equals and instructors as socially troubled and this impinges on his self-pride and the self-esteem attributed to him by other pupils. Children normally react to academic failure by neglecting in behavior. Why? Because so all eyes are on your kid ‘s bad behavior and non on her failure in reading and authorship. She ‘s labelled as boisterous, but that ‘s much easier for her to bear than being thought of as â€Å" dense † ( Wood, 2006, pg.64 ) . Frequently bad behavior is dissembling the pupil ‘s emphasis and he is utilizing such behavior to show emotions. But it is really of import that the pedagogue prompts Joe to alter behavior. Peoples with dyslexia must besides be encouraged to utilize their strengths to get the better of their failings. This will understate bad behavior. â€Å" They have many particular strengths which they should ever be encouraged to develop to the full. Their intelligence and normalcy in every other domain of life must be emphasised at all times, so they can carry through their possible † ( Blight, 1998, pg.6 ) . Joe should be supported to construct meaningful friendly relationship. This can be done by set uping schoolroom communities and circle of friends. By making so we would be making a supportive and caring community around the pupil and would besides be advancing the thought that diverseness is healthy. â€Å" Such community-building group activities promote friendly relationships and credence by making a category individuality that recognises the similarities and differences among pupils and the alone parts of each category member † ( Harriott A ; Martin, 2004 ; Obenchain A ; Abernathy, 2003 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.234 ) . Troubles in motor accomplishments Deficits in all right motor accomplishments, have besides been identified in footings of the characteristically hapless script ( Benton, 1978 ; Miles, 1983 ) , and copying in immature kids ( Badian, 1984 ; Rudel, 1985 ) , coupled with trouble to bind shoe lacings ( Miles, 1983 ) as cited on Reid et al 2008, pg.83. Although the psychological study states that â€Å" Gross motor developmental mileposts featured age-appropriately † , it should hold mentioned the all right motor accomplishments which as I have observed still necessitate to better and dysgraphia. Joe still has troubles in cutting, pulling, and binding his shoe lacings. He holds his pen excessively tightly and exerts heavy force per unit area when composing with the consequence that his motions are restricted. This is one ground why he finds composing so hard and boring. I have besides observed that spacing between words is non standard and often his composing expressions like a whole block of text. Besides he can non maintain within the lines while composing. Joe ‘s composing floats above and cuts down through the lines and his letters are frequently uneven. I besides had the chance to detect Joe ‘s position during the lessons. He frequently slouches in his chair and sits awkwardly at his desk. This continues to encroach negatively on his script. It is an absolute necessity that Joe ‘s script is improved. This can be done by learning him and supplying him with chances to pattern the uninterrupted authorship manner. â€Å" The most widely recommended script manner is called uninterrupted longhand. Its most of import characteristic is that each missive is formed without taking the pencil off the paper and accordingly, each word is formed in one, fluxing motion † ( British Dyslexia Association ) . Besides we should guarantee good position, where the chair and desk are in the right tallness and the pupil is sitting directly with his pess level on the land. I would besides urge that Joe is seen by an Occupational healer which could give him regular exercisings to beef up his fingers and custodies musculuss. â€Å" Daily pattern is the ideal. A small and frequently is better than a hebdomadal endurance contest session. Motor accomplishments develop with ripening, pattern and experience † ( Branson, 2007, Pg.54 ) . Troubles in Self-Esteem â€Å" I come to school. I see all the other friends. Who can rite and read. But me, I ‘m all on my ain Not good at riteing. Not good at reading. I site on my bed, I cry I cry and I cry. But I boh’t see why. It ‘s so hared for me. Ca n’t you see? † By Jodie Cosgrave, age 11. ( as cited in Social and Emotional Aspects of Dyslexia by Dr. Gilda Palti, 1996 ) . As literacy accomplishments are so strongly emphasized in our current educational system, pupil like Joe frequently experience a great trade of failure as I had the chance to detect. These experiences adversely impact his ego regard. We as pedagogues need to demo him that he has both strengths and weaknesses precisely like anybody else. Praise at the appropriate times is really of import to increase motive. Educators can promote Joe to make activities where he can see success so he will be able to increase his self-esteem. That ‘s why it is of import for Joe to hold humanistic disciplines, physical instruction and IT lessons during the hebdomad. These are the countries in which he can stand out and experience satisfied about his schooling experience. With a batch of difficult work and doggedness, the pedagogues can lend to understate the effects of dyslexia and maximize the â€Å" I am good as anyone else † factor. Self-government is the ultimate end where the pupils use strengths to get the better of failings. â€Å" One indispensable component of authorization is self-determination † ( Wehmeyer, 1993,1994 ) . Self-government is the antonym of erudite weakness. When pupils have control over their life, their self-pride is boosted. Besides when pupils are responsible for planning and determinations, people view them otherwise. â€Å" Self-government refers to volitional actions that enable one to move as the primary causal agent in one ‘s life and to keep or better one ‘s quality of life † ( Wehmeyer, 2007, p.6 ) . Troubles in Attention Comprehension and Memory When the instructor negotiations for long periods of clip, Joe becomes highly defeated because he experiences troubles to prolong attending and because he has weak audile memory. The LSA adapts the notes which are taken during the lesson and high spots keywords to do it easier for him to retrieve them when revising. Unfortunately some instructors do transport on with the lesson even when they are to the full cognizant that Joe and other pupils are non following. To add abuse to injury when they use the whiteboard they write in a disorganized manner and chorus from utilizing any visuals so Joe finds it wholly impossible to follow. To heighten his memory, the LSA could utilize a voice recording equipment to enter the instructor ‘s account. These recordings could so be used back at place to enable Joe to understand at his ain gait and to follow print with audile input. From clip to clip, Joe could besides be asked to verbally rephrase stuff taught to measure his comprehension and reinforce acquisition. Besides repeat should be uninterrupted. Concerted acquisition, where pupils are assigned to squads, and they all portion cognition and accomplishments and seek aid from others, can besides be good. â€Å" A concerted acquisition format that places more duty on group members is the larning together attack † ( Johnson, Johnson, A ; Holubec, 2002 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.404 ) . Concerted acquisition besides avoids labelling. Another scheme which the pedagogues can utilize is peer tutoring. A equal who demonstrates good comprehension accomplishments can help Joe in larning a new accomplishment. â€Å" In equal tutoring, one pupil coach assists another in larning a new accomplishment. Peer tutoring additions pupil larning across a scope of content countries and Fosters positive attitudes toward school for coachs and tutees † ( Heron, Villareal, Yao, Christianson, A ; Heron, 2006 ; Miller 2005 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Peer tutoring besides increases motive as pupils enjoy working together and their academic public presentation improves. â€Å" It besides promotes a greater sense of duty and an improved self-concept, every bit good as increased academic and societal accomplishments † ( Spencer, 2006 ) ( as cited in Salend, 2008, pg.403 ) . Educators need to supervise while they are implementing this scheme. The instructors should help his attending and comprehension by utilizing visuals, composing on the board in an orderly manner, utilizing non cursive and clear penmanship and utilizing different colorss on surrogate lines so Joe can follow better. Teachers should besides be made cognizant that as pupils like Joe think chiefly with images and feelings the usage of structured multi-sensory techniques is greatly encouraged. Multi-sensory methods increase the concentration span of pupils. â€Å" Dyslexic kids need to utilize structured multi-sensory methods. This means utilizing as many senses as possible at a clip to do learning easier-looking, hearing, stating and making † ( Dyslexia Teaching Today often asked inquiries ) . Students with Dyslexia can profit enormously from the sensitiveness of the schoolroom instructors who implement some appropriate schemes without needfully incurring excess loads. â€Å" Low outlooks lead to limited attempt, high outlooks lead to defeat, a realistic assessment of each topic is hence indispensable † ( Christine Firman, 1998 as cited on the Malta Independent ) . The pedagogues are responsible to supply meaningful and actuating acquisition and should be cognizant of the pupils ‘ metacognition. Besides they must non overload pupils with inordinate information. Vygotsky believed that, â€Å" instructors should play an informative function invariably steering and fostering their students in order to better their attending span, concentration, and larning accomplishments, and so construct up their competency ( as cited on Collin et al.,2012, pg. 270 ) . Decision During these last old ages at that place have been greater attempts to increase consciousness about dyslexia. However despite all this, stigma about this status is still rampant. Some pedagogues are still sceptic about dyslexia and this attitude is harming pupils and impacting their instruction development and ego regard. Students with dyslexia are still being labelled as stupid and lazy. This attitude is besides negatively encroaching on the whole construct of inclusion as it fails to supply the appropriate environment and support for all pupils to larn together. Tanti Burlo ‘ , ( 2010 ) notes that â€Å" it has become more and more apparent that the successful inclusion of a kid with disablement, and of all kids at that, depends on the acquisition environment the kids are immersed in † . Restrictions of the survey For this survey purpose observations at place and in the community could non be included due to serious household jobs. Had I been able to detect Joe outside school, it would hold given me greater penetration and information and findings would hold had more strength. How to cite The Reflections On Observations Carried Out Education Essay, Essays

Friday, December 6, 2019

Strategic Management and Information System- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theStrategic Management and Information System forBilliton. Answer: Ordered flowchart of the processes involved in sales is as follows: Introduction In the modern world of business, it is important for the firms to manage their business process in a smarter way. For doing so it is essential for the firms to make use of Information and technology systems. There are many software packages that are available for the company which they can utilize for their different business processes (Swayne, Duncan and Ginter, 2012). BHP Billiton Limited is the mining, metal and petroleum public limited problem. This report highlights the ways operational errors are removed by the use of IT software. It also describes the system that is designed for solving many kinds of problems. The current position of the company is also described in this report. Current organizational structure According to the views, Hitt, Ireland and Hoskisson, (2012) Organisational structure is described as the hierarchy that is followed by the organization. It represents the levels of the different workers of the company. This company operates under a dual listed firm structure with two parent firms (BHP limited and BHP Billiton Plc). It is operated as a single economic entity, which they refer to as BHP. They are running a unified management and Board. The Board committee members consist of the chairman of nomination and governance committee. They have the board of members at the top, and then they have executives below them like Managing Directors and Chief Executive Officer. Below them, there are Advisory members. Below them line managers at the workplace and then staff members at the lower place. Operational problems that organization faces due to this structure As per the views Heras?Saizarbitoria and Boiral, (2013), there are several kinds of operational problems that are faced by the BHP Billiton due to its organizational structure. Due to its dual-listed structure, the decision-making process gets complicated. Since there is a large amount of members that are involved in the process of decision making and providing feedback hence the process gets weaker. Some of the operational processes like human resource management is being maintained by the executives and hence they are unable to understand the organizational needs in various sections of the firm. The leadership has not involved lower-level staffs members in important processes within an organization. This is a matter of problem in terms of employee confidence. They must have to involve people from different levels of the company. It will increase the chances of taking decisions that are not favorable to the government. Since both companies in the collaborations have a different kind of business statements and culture of working and hence the collaboration makes it difficult to work with same productivity. This poses a question mark on the efficiency of the firm working process. Strategic decision-making process is the highly complex process. Most likely system acquisition model There are many kinds of system acquisition model that has been used various companies. Customised software is highly helpful in making the processes of the firm easier since they are designed as per the need of BHP Billiton but they do not satisfy the needs of people that can be very effective when concerned with the organization of such scale. The most difficulty with such type of model is that various software is made for different works which may not be capable to work with each other. Since this company is in many fields then the system acquisition model that is used is ERP. The acquisition process based on a rational or normative decision-making process. It is an approach embedded within the ERP system life cycle. An ERP system suppliers are today striving to penetrate the segment of the market. Enterprise Resource planning typically drives all the options right through the use of a system. The Priem, Li and Carr, (2012) state that ERP acquisition model is used for managing the technological needs of the company. This model understands the needs of the company and changes can be made easily. This kind of changes is made according to the evaluation that is made after monitoring. Since it is an integrated management of major business processes more likely in real time and medicated by technology with the help of software (Hill, Jones Schilling, 2014). This system model helps in the wide range of business processes starting from product planning to the time when it is sold in the market. It helps in financial management as well as the accounting of different functional units. Preparing a system flowchart of procedures involved in sales for BHP Billiton Ordered flowchart of the processes involved in sales is as follows: Control problem related to the system and possible frauds According to Trovo et. al., (2013) these systems have some kinds of control problems. This control problem raises the issues of the firm when concerned with increasing the efficiency of the people. If there is any discrepancy in the control system then the result that is obtained from the system can be repetitive and may have faults in it. One of the biggest problem related to the system is the communication. It is always difficult to maintain the communication standards while using such a large system. Apart from this, there are many risks that are associated with the system. Data can be taken by external people by hacking the system. Since in ERP financial and operational task s also managed hence if the control is loosed then it may lead to long-term loses for the company ultimately resulting in business failure. It is difficult for the system administrators to manage the fraud that can be done to the system. The Lpez-Nicols and Meroo-Cerdn, (2011) States that in the technology advances, fraud is becoming increasingly complicated and difficult to detect, especially when individuals collide. Surveys show that the median loss from the collude fraud is much greater than the fraud perpetrated by individuals (Hahn Powers. 2010). Despite its prevalence and potentially devastating effects internal auditors often fail to consider collusion in their fraud assessment and detection efforts. There are several techniques that are used for detecting such kind of frauds. Transaction mining is one of the most used methods. It is important for the firm to detect such kind of frauds as it helps in managing data and keeping it safe which is extremely crucial in the case of bigger firms like BHP Billiton. Development and adoption of accounting software packages As per the views Aspara et. al., (2011) it is important for the firms to choose its accounting software packages. It can be developed or can be adopted from the available software. Some of the companies use their own customised software. In present times cloud-based accounting software in Australia is highest. Connecting accounting software with internet empowered organizations in managing its accounting data. The two major benefit associated with such kind of adoption software is automation and integration of accounting functions. Both helps to provide firm with a competitive edge over other rivals. Features such as invoicing, fast bank reconciliation, accessibility through mobile-based apps, faster inventory management, integrated payrolls, dashboard, smart reports, expenses claiming and bill payments makes this accounting software more user-friendly. The design of accounting software hugely varies based on complexity and cost (Grey, Emer Sheng, 2014). It also assists in the finan cial management of the company and hence used in managerial decision making. One of the biggest problems with the modern day accounting software is related to the incompatible formats as well as duplication. Xero accounting software is one of the most widely used software that can be used inside BHP Billiton. It uses the system model known as Software as a service (SaaS). Using SaaS with internet helps a company with an application that can be operated with simple web browsers. It can be changed from time to time as per the demand of people. Since there is lack of security standards that are present in cloud hence use of firewalls is necessary. Identify management measures can be beneficial for providing authentication to service. The current market size of BHP Billiton According to the Barney, (2012) this company is one of the biggest firms that is operating in Australia. The market size refers to the market share this company is having in which it is operating. This company is having the turnover of around 207,556,649 dollars. Apart from this, it has a market capitalization of around 87936 dollars (Fleisher Bensoussan, 2015). The company revenue is around 60 billion US dollars. Its size can be understood by the fact that it is the second largest mining firm in the whole world. It has made a profit of around 6.2billion US dollars. It is the largest firm inside Australia in terms of market capitalization. It has a primary listing in that London Stock Exchange and its also the constituent of FTSE 100 index. This company is operational in around 25 countries all around the world. It is employing around 41000 people. It is having four primary operational units. It is dealing in the business of Coal, Copper, Iron ore, Petroleum as well as in potash. In the year 2015, it has produced an around 256 million barrels of oil equivalent, 1.7 million tonnes of copper, 233 Mt of iron ore, 43 Mt of metallurgical coal and 41 Mt of energy coal. Underlining all these data, it can be said that it is the largest diversified natural resources firm. Identifying leaders in market and things that make competitive advantage In the views of Stead and Stead, (2013) there are many market leaders in the industry in which BHP Billiton is operating. Competitors are increasing day by day and it has risen to cutthroat level. Some of the biggest competitors is Arconic Inc, RIO TINTO Ltd. Both these companies use various kinds of strategies for leading in the market. To attract number of customers towards its business all competitor company is using aggressive marketing which is dangerous for the business of BHP Billiton. For achieving competitive advantage over other there are following strategies that have been used: Making use of technologies that reduces the operational cost which helps in increasing the profit margin of the firm. Taking use of customised or ERP software is helping a company in making their working process easier as well as taking decision according to it. Managing data that is produced in the daily operations which is a difficult process is resolved through the use of cloud computing software. For gaining competitive advantage they are providing training to their employees which helps them n adding value to their products. Current gaps or challenges encountered by consumers of accounting software As per the views of Ward, (2012) there are many kinds of gaps or challenges that is encountered by customers of accounting software. Xero is one of that largest company in providing accounting software used by users. Some of the biggest challenges that are faced by the users are: Lack of security (Anwar, 2016). Weak reporting service Lack of efficiency Out-dated and lack of accuracy It is not user-friendly as well as customisation is difficult Some kinds of features are missing as well as it is expensive Poor customer relationship management There is some kind of software compatibility problems. No 24*7 technical support The poor speed of access (Anderson, Narus Narayandas, 2009). Some of the recommendations that can be given in this regard are as follows: Use of firewalls can protect them from increasing hijacks. Cloud-based accounting software can help users in accessing it at the faster rate. Take use of technical experts can reduce software compatibility problem. Conclusion From the above-based report, BHP Billiton is one of the best biggest mining and petroleum firm in the world. It is important for the firm to manage its processes by making use of various kinds of software. Enterprise resource planning is one of the best software that can be utilized by the firm so as to make many kinds of planning. The customised software can also be used by the firms. Since there are many kinds of accounting software that is used by the firm for managing their financial resource. There are several kinds of gaps and challenges that are present in the accounting software and all these can be reduced by the use of other software. There are many bigger firms that are working in the same industry. They are using different kinds of technological software for gaining competitive advantage. References Anderson, J. C., Narus, J. 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